Justia U.S. 8th Circuit Court of Appeals Opinion Summaries

Plaintiffs, successors in title to land located in Arkansas, brought a declaratory judgment action in Arkansas state court against AgriBank, FCB, seeking to quiet title to oil and gas rights that AgriBank held in Plaintiffs' land. AgriBank removed the case to federal district court. The district court granted AgriBank's motion to dismiss, identifying two bases on which to do so: (1) that a regulation promulgated by the Farm Credit Administration (FCA) specifically approved the sort of ownership interests held by AgriBank that Plaintiffs now attacked; and (2) that the challenge to AgriBank's oil and gas rights was based on a repealed act of Congress. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, holding that the district court correctly dismissed the case under its first rationale, as the reservations at issue enjoyed the FCA's approval. View "Nixon v. AgriBank, FCB" on Justia Law

Four named plaintiffs filed three separate class action lawsuits in state court alleging, inter alia, that three Missouri credit unions, by participating in a subprime motor vehicle lending and investment program administered by now-bankrupt Centrix Financial, LLC, violated provisions of the Missouri Uniform Commercial Code (Mo UCC) and the Missouri Merchandising Practices Act (MMPA). Defendants removed under the Class Action Fairness Act and moved to dismiss the complaints. The district court issued three identical orders dismissing all the state law claims. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals consolidated the three appeals and affirmed, holding that plaintiffs' Mo UCC claims were time-barred and that the MMPA expressly exempted Missouri credit unions. View "Rashaw v. United Consumers Credit Union" on Justia Law

Homeowners filed this lawsuit in Minnesota state court against Lender seeking legal and equitable relief from Lender's foreclosure and sale of their home. Lender removed the case to federal court and subsequently moved to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim, or, alternately, for summary judgment. The district court dismissed the suit, holding (1) the United States Department of the Treasury's Home Affordable Mortgage Program preempted Homeowners' state-law claims; and (2) Homeowners did not plead the claims with sufficient particularity. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, holding that, in regard to the majority of Homeowners' claims, Homeowners failed to state a claim upon which relief could be granted.

Karen Anthony, a Nebraskan citizen, filed in federal district court an action against The Cattle National Bank & Trust Company (the Bank), a national bank headquartered in Nebraska, alleging fraud. Anthony asserted subject matter jurisdiction under 12 U.S.C. 24(4), 12 U.S.C. 1831n(a)(2)(A), and 28 U.S.C. 1331. The district court dismissed the complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, concluding (1) there was no diversity jurisdiction, and (2) federal-question jurisdiction did not exist. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, holding (1) diversity jurisdiction did not exist; (2) section 1831n did not create a private right of action; and (3) Anthony's remaining arguments were meritless or improperly raised for the first time on appeal.

After JPMorgan Chase Bank (Chase) initiated foreclosure proceedings on Appellants' home and subsequently bought the property at a sheriff's sale, Appellants filed suit against Chase, doing business as Washington Mutual, seeking damages under theories of promissory estoppel and negligence. The district court dismissed the claims. Appellants subsequently filed a second suit against Chase and Washington Mutual, alleging causes of action relating to purported misrepresentations and alleged failure to disclose information and Chase's alleged failure to provide adequate notice of the sheriff's sale and to respond to two qualified written requests in violation of the Real Estate Settlement Practices Act (RESPA). The district court dismissed all claims against Washington Mutual without prejudice and all claims against Chase with prejudice. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, holding (1) other than their claim under RESPA, the claims set forth in Appellants' complaint were barred by the doctrine of res judicata; and (2) as for the RESPA claims, Appellants failed to show how the complaint could be amended to survive a motion to dismiss.

Wescott Agri-Products, Inc., a Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act (PACA)-licensed wholesale supplier of perishable agricultural commodities, sold produce to a company that later ceased business operations after Sterling State Bank seized the company's assets because it failed to make scheduled loan payments. Wescott demanded payment from the bank, claiming the bank had seized assets subject to trust under the PACA, but the bank refused. Wescott sued the bank, asserting various claims, including violations of the PACA and a conversion claim. The district court granted the bank summary judgment on Wescott's conversion claim and summary judgment in favor of Wescott on its PACA claim. Wescott then appealed the district court's denial of attorney fees on costs. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion by refusing to award Wescott attorney fees and costs, as the fees were excessive and unreasonable, and Wescott's unprofessional conduct in the case did not warrant an award of fees.

The bank appealed the judgment of the bankruptcy court dismissing its complaint against debtor. At issue was whether the requisite elements of a claim of nondischargeability under 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(2)(A) have been satisfied. The court held that the record supported the bankruptcy court's finding that there was no evidence that debtor made a false statement to the bank prior to the bank's advancing the funds at issue. Accordingly, the court affirmed the judgment dismissing the bank's complaint against debtor.

FNB South Dakota and its affiliates appealed from the district court's entry of a permanent injunction against them as a remedy for trademark infringement and unfair competition claims brought by FNB Sioux Falls. FNB Sioux Falls cross-appealed the denial of its motion for attorney's fees and the district court's purported factual finding that certain of FNB South Dakota's affiliates' names "appear" not to infringe FNB Sioux Falls' marks. The court held that, because the nucleus of operative facts in this action included facts not common to the prior action, this action was not barred by res judicata; the admission of the confusion log was harmless error; the district court's finding of a likelihood of confusion was based on a permissible view of the evidence and was therefore not clearly erroneous; and the district court's denial of fees must be affirmed. The court also declined to strike the challenged language from the district court's Amended Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. Accordingly, the court affirmed the judgment.

Plaintiff filed suit in Minnesota state court against her mortgage lender, seeking legal and equitable relief from the lender's foreclosure and sale of her home. The court held that, because there was no dispute as to whether the foreclosure was actually postponed, Minn. Stat. 580.07, subdiv. 1 was inapplicable. The court also held that the Minnesota Credit Agreement Statute (MCAS), Minn. Stat. 513.33, subdiv. 2, prohibited the enforcement of an oral promise to postpone a foreclosure sale and that the lender was entitled to summary judgment on plaintiff's promissory estoppel claim. Finally, the court held that plaintiff did not raise a genuine question of material fact as to whether she detrimentally relied on the lender's promise. Accordingly, the court affirmed the district court's grant of summary judgment on Counts I-V.

E-Shops filed a class action complaint, after receiving a number of chargebacks resulting from fraudulent use of U.S. Bank credit cards, alleging that U.S. Bank knowingly allowed itself to be an instrument of the fraud, thereby making E-Shop's performance under its contract with its merchant bank more expensive. The district court dismissed E-Shops complaint for failure to state a claim. The court affirmed, holding that E-Shops failed to satisfy the required pleading standards.